Space History & Exploration

Buzz Aldrin: Apollo 11 Lunar Module Pilot and Second Human on the Moon

Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin was the Lunar Module Pilot for Apollo 11 and became the second human to walk on the Moon, following Neil Armstrong. Selected as a NASA astronaut in 1963, Ald...

Mara Ellison
Buzz Aldrin: Apollo 11 Lunar Module Pilot and Second Human on the Moon

Role and background on Apollo 11

Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin was the Lunar Module Pilot for Apollo 11 and became the second human to walk on the Moon, following Neil Armstrong. Selected as a NASA astronaut in 1963, Aldrin brought a strong technical background, holding a Doctor of Science in astronautics from MIT. On Apollo 11 in July 1969, he operated the Lunar Module Eagle descent and ascent stages, managed spacecraft systems, and performed the first manned orbital docking with the Command Module Columbia after the Moon landing. This verified profile outlines his contributions, mission sequence, and lasting context for long-term reference.

Apollo 11 mission sequence and key events

Apollo 11 launched on July 16, 1969, from Kennedy Space Center, entered lunar orbit on July 19, and landed in the Sea of Tranquility on July 20. The lunar module separated, with Armstrong and Aldrindescending while Collins remained in orbit. Aldrin and Armstrong conducted just under 2.5 hours of lunar EVA, deploying experiments and collecting samples. The mission returned to Earth on July 24, splashing down in the Pacific. Key mission phases are summarized in the table below.

Apollo 11 mission timeline and milestones

Attribute Verified Detail Source Type
Launch date July 16, 1969 NASA official records
Lunar landing date July 20, 1969 NASA official records
First Moon walk start July 20, 1969, ~22:39 UTC NASA official records
EVA duration (Aldrin) Approximately 2 hours 15 minutes NASA official records
Splashdown date July 24, 1969 NASA official records
Recovery ship USS Hornet (CV-12) NASA official records

Lunar Module operations and surface activities

As Lunar Module Pilot, Aldrin was responsible for systems monitoring, navigation calculations, and piloting the LM during descent and ascent. On the surface, he collected rock and soil samples, deployed the Early Apollo Scientific Experiments Package (EASEP), and participated in photography and documented procedures. His tasks included checking the integrity of the module after EVA and supporting Armstrong with task management. The checklist-driven operations reflected rigorous training and real-time coordination with Mission Control.

Surface EVA checklist highlights

  • Deploy EASEP (Early Apollo Scientific Experiments Package)
  • Collect contingency and bulk samples of regolith and rocks
  • Photograph landing site and equipment
  • Document timeline adherence for communications
  • Assist with panoramic imaging and crew coordination

Post-NASA career and public engagement

After Apollo 11, Aldrin served as commandant of the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School, completed a fighter tour in Vietnam, and retired from the Air Force in 1972. He earned a Doctor of Science in astronautics and remained active in aerospace advocacy, writing books and participating in educational initiatives. Aldrin has consistently emphasized Mars exploration, life-spanning infrastructure, and international collaboration. His post-NASA work reinforced long-term human presence concepts in space.

Personal background and education

Born January 20, 1930, in Glen Ridge, New Jersey, Aldrin graduated from West Point in 1951 with a Bachelor of Science in mechanical engineering. He served as a jet fighter pilot in the Korean War, flew 66 combat missions, and later earned a PhD in astronautics from MIT in 1963. His doctoral thesis on manned orbital rendezvous techniques informed NASA’s mission planning. These academic and operational foundations shaped his methodical approach to Apollo 11 and subsequent aerospace endeavors.

Legacy and historical context

Aldrin’s contributions to Apollo 11 extended beyond the Moon walk; he helped validate docking and EVA procedures that influenced later missions. His advocacy for sustained exploration and Mars missions remains prominent in public discourse. Among Apollo astronauts, he is recognized for technical clarity and public communication. The mission’s success reflects coordinated efforts of Armstrong, Aldrin, Collins, and thousands of personnel, illustrating the scale and complexity of landing humans on another body for the first time.